Swiss ALPS observed from the Vosges (Ballon d'Alsace or Rossberg). Seminars and conferences organized at the family house of BAESELBACH(800m) on the paleo-volcano of ROSSBERG (80 beds) (search BAESELBACH with Google). Conferences about the new electrostatics of the Earth and the solar system ...consequences on the atmospheric electricity, the global climate ~ meunierjmi@estvideo.fr
UNIFIED THEORY : the celestial rotations and magnetic fields, the ... continental drifts ...clearly related to the joined Compton & Doppler effects (Meunier,1991)...a puzzling relation ...see the letter of Antony HEWISH , Nobel laureate for the discovery of pulsars , in our other site www.geologie-nature-alsace.com
For the Earth , the continental drift results from two volumic forces (forces acting at each point of the masses,like gravitation, electrostatic attraction etc) : a/ the south to north force is the one tracking the solar system to the north, with the speed of 19km/s . It produces the erection of the Alps, the Himalaya etc.
b/ the west to east force producing the rotation of the Earth and the celestial bodies, and the erection of the Rocky Mountains , the Andes; and the opening of the East African rifts, and idem for the Rhine rift...
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CELESTIAL ROTATIONS and JOINED COMPTON & DOPPLER effect
Electrons are accelerated to high speeds by the stellar UV and X rays (Compton effect). Surprisingly they receive more energy from the photons when the light goes in the direction of the initial electronic motion, than against this motion. We call this effect the JOINED-- COMPTON and DOPPLER effect (JCDE) (Meunier,1991, first publication in Chinese, in Journal of Seismological Research, vol 14 n°4 pp309-315, Kunming 1991, copy at www.geologie-nature-alsace.com . As shown in several COSMO & HELIOMETEO since 1995 (Bulletins ARFA) and in PROCYON n° 126 , jan.2005, the JCDE may be the key of the rotations of the celestial bodies, and the quantitative relation of the angular speeds to the celestial magnetic fields, as shown for the first time by PMS BLACKETT, Nobel price (Cosmic rays, proton magnetometre, etc).
The great physicist of Manchester (Blackett) was on the right way, even for the pulsars...but he could not explain the geomagnetic reversals. Now with the JCDE we explain them by an inversion of the rotation of the electrons in the ionosphere. Also by only considering the observed celestial magnetic fields, we obtain the radius R of the pulsars of 12km, while quantum physicists give R = 10 km. (see herby at geomagnetism)
Following the relations given for instance in PHYSIQUE GENERALE by Alonzo & Finn, book 2 p 397 and 411 we write :
λ - λ ' = ( h / m c ) ( 1 - cos θ ) with θ the angle between the incident ray λ and the Compton scattered one λ'
Now if the electrons move with the speed v in the rotating ionosphere, the incident ray of frequency ω will be scattered into two different frequencies ω '1 and ω '2 when going in the direction of the electron or against it : ω '1 = ω ( 1 - v/c)
ω '2 = ω ( 1 + v/c)
The photon 2 remains with more energy than the photon 1 : so the electrons are pushed to rotate faster and faster.This is the clearest explanation why some pulsars rotate in some milliseconds, and also why the surprising quantitative relation between the polar magnetic fields Bp and the mass, radius and period of rotation of many planets, stars, pulsars, galaxies...
We suppose that this is the key relation for the rotations in astronomy. For instance for the planets the continental crusts rotate faster than the mantles because the + charges are concentrated at the surface..(see CONTINENTAL DRIFT at www.geologie-nature-alsace.com )
The RADIOMETER of CROOKES as KEY of MOTIONS and ROTATIONS in the UNIVERSE
As claimed by Philip GIBBS (1996) (with Google search Crookes-radiometer) the rotation of the light mill cannot result from a thermal effect. Because it would rotate also in air and not only in vacuum. The clearest explanation takes account of the Compton accelerated electrons by photons. The black face of the balanced ailerons receive all the accelerated electrons while for the metallized face the reflected light sends a part of the electrons away from the ailerons.
Also the joined Compton & Doppler effects (Meunier,1991, see hereby) make that electrons receive more energy in the direction of light than against it
Le radiomètre de Crookes (1832-1919) produit en 1875 reçoit enfin une explication claire gràce à l'effet Compton : les faces noircies des 4 ailerons semblent poussées par la lumière, mais en réalité par les électrons accélérés par les photons. Les faces métallisées reçoivent moins d'électrons puisqu'une partie des électrons est renvoyée en sens contraire par la lumière réfléchie .
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VOLUMIC FORCES for PLATE TECTONICS ( a volumic force acts at each inner point of a mass, i.e. gravitation, inertia, electrostatic attraction,..)
The solar system oscillates perpendicularly to the galactic equatorial plane, with a period of 2 x 35 millions years. This period was estimated by John BAHCALL considering the gravitational attraction of the nearest stars. We suppose that the electrostatic attraction of the clouds of electrons rotating in the galactic plane (and producing the magnetic field of 10 nT, see the rubric geomagnetism) must also be considered. Presently the solar system goes to the APEX (nearby the north) with the speed of 19 km/s. We suppose that the cause of this drift acts something more on the continents and produces the general northward drift of all the continents and islands (with google see PALEOMAP - ANIMATION) . So since several billions years , the main fact of the continental drift would consist of northward then southward motions, with the passage in the equatorial plane each 35 My ; here the encounter with clouds of electrons would produce glaciations (see our rubric CLIMATOLOGY) and sea regressions, and so the geologic eras.
The electrostatic attraction explains better the continental drift than the gravitation , because the positive volumic charge is stronger in the surfacial layers. In the southern ALPS the Jurassic limestones (140 My) gliding on the younger Cretaceous (90 My) is a good argument for our hypothesis. This gliding to the north goes on presently and produces the alpine tectonics...Below the mountain falls in the DROME river near LUC en DIOIS (in the year 1448).
A second volumic force produces the continental eastward drift. Continents increase at their western border (accretion) and decompose into islands at their eastern border (Lamarck, 1800). Analogies with the magnetism and rotations of the celestial bodies lead to an unified theory explaining the rotations in astronomy ( see "pulsars glitches as electrostatic quakes" at the rubric CELESTIAL ROTATIONS of www.geologie-nature-alsace.com . For the Earth or for a pulsar, after an electrostatic quake , the evacuation of + charges produces a decrease of the radius, and so an increase of the angular speed. This explains the detachment and the eastward drift of the crust.
In the quaternary era, the northward and eastward drifts are of a same order; so the motions of plates are nearly in the direction NE.
Exceptions of some islands : recent data show a strong westward drift (more than 10cm/year) for some islands near the equator.We suppose that they are pushed by strong oceanic water currents. Idem for the Falkland islands accelerated to the NE by the Drake current. The different motions of Hawaii could result from the variations of oceanic currents . So, as supposed by Alfred Wegener, islands move like icebergs gliding on the mantle. Their volcanism would result from energy of friction at the gliding surface.
